Breastfeeding, infant feeding, breast milk, disease prevention. Breast milk contains all the nutrients an infant needs in the first six months of life. Breastfeeding has many health benefits for both the mother and infant. Determinants of continued breastfeeding at 12 and 24.
Prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding of infants did not. Factors associated with the maintenance of breastfeeding. Breastfeeding and the use of human milk american academy. Infants should be exclusively breastfed for the first six months of life to achieve optimal growth, development and health. Background breastfeeding rates in sweden are declining, and it is important to identify women at risk for early cessation of exclusive breastfeeding. In a descriptive crosssectional study, 393 motherinfant pairs attending child. Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers of. Breastfeeding and human milk are the normative standards for infant feeding and nutrition. Ors based on different breastfeeding durations none, 16, 612, and 12 months were 1. To assess the knowledge and practices of exclusive breastfeeding in mothers with infants between 9 and 12 months of age attending the immunization and the outpatient clinics in elsabbah hospital and to identify factors that affect exclusive breastfeeding. Breastfeeding report card idaho chapter of the american.
Among infants born in 2015 in the united states, 4 out of 5 83. The rates meet five of eight healthy people 2020 goals, falling short on any breastfeeding at 6 months, exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months and the proportion of breastfeeding infants receiving formula supplementation within the first 2 days of life. Its beneficial for both you and your baby to continue breastfeeding between 8 and 12 months. Is a breastfeeding promotion intervention shown to. In 2003 the then labour minister hazel blears adopted the recommendation. Exclusive breastfeeding is one of the essential actions for infant development and survival. Given the documented short and longterm medical and neurodevelopmental advantages of breastfeeding, infant nutrition should be considered a public health issue and not only a lifestyle choice. Breastfeeding is considered as the most ideal food for healthy growth and development of infants and exclusive breast feeding ebf for first 6 months of life ensures optimal growth, development and health of an infant.
As your child grows, they will need to eat a complete diet that includes healthy snacks and. Exclusive breastfeeding ebfgiving infants only breastmilk and medications, oral rehydration salts and vitamins as needed with no additional food or drink for their first six months of life. The relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and. Infants exclusively breastfed for 4 or more months have half the mean number of. However, low breastfeeding rates among infants who are 6 and 12 months of age indicate that many mothers. The breastfeeding duration after 2 years depends entirely on the mother and the baby. While breastfeeding beyond 6 months, a baby should receive foods with breast milk until the age of 2 or older. The pediatricians role in encouraging exclusive breastfeeding. This study was aimed at assessing the knowledge and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers in the tamale metropolis of ghana. Birth to 6 months the american academy of pediatrics. Appropriate practices that support exclusive breastfeeding in the first. This curriculum was developed for use in the prenatal setting. Breastfeeding, initiated within the first hour of birth, provided exclusively for six months, and continued up to two years or beyond with the provision of safe and appropriate complementary foods, is one of the most powerful practices for promoting child survival and wellbeing. Exclusive breastfeeding has a high nutrient content to fulfill the nutritional needs of infants aged 0.
Bfhi section 2 final 14may09 world health organization. Only one factor was associated with breastfeeding maintenance at all outcomes. The aap recommends exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. Breastfeeding is an important tool for preventing childhood illnesses, and obesity, and hypertension later on in life, and it reduces the cost of food for the family and the country. Methods a populationbased longitudinal study was conducted at uppsala university hospital, sweden.
The usaid 2015 acting on the call progress report emphasized that high impact interventions could save 15 million. I am starting to try to wean my little boy from nursing. India reported an increased risk of postneonatal mortality associated with exclusive breastfeeding 3 months,12 but reverse causality illness. Mapping exclusive breastfeeding in africa between 2000 and. The american academy of pediatrics recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months, and that breastfeeding continue for at least 12 months and beyond. Thereafter, to meet their evolving nutritional requirements, infants should receive nutritionally adequate and safe complementary foods, while continuing to breastfeed for up to two years or beyond.
Objective the aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding lasting less than two months postpartum. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding ebf for the first six months of life has remained low worldwide and in ghana, despite strong evidence in support of its practice. Pdf determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers of. Ecological study of effect of breast feeding on infant mortality in latin america.
Pdf relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and. American academy of pediatrics breastfeeding and the use. These associations were no longer significant after adjustment for maternal bmi. Program lmplementation guide 7 breastfeeding rates at six and 12 months anstey et al. Prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding of infants did not reduce growth by 12 months of age kramer ms,guo t,platt rw,et al for the probit study group. Breastfeeding protects against diarrhoea and common childhood illnesses such as pneumonia, and may also have longerterm health benefits for the mother and child, such as reducing the risk of overweight and obesity in childhood and. The benefits of breastfeeding the californian journal of health. Breastfeeding fully for 6 months vs 4 months decreases. Exclusive breast feeding practice and its determinants. Exclusive breastfeeding is when a baby receives only breast milk, without any additional food or drinks, including water, until 6 months of age. It is intended to support a mothers choice to breastfeed and to help her establish and achieve her breastfeeding goals. Percentage of infants breastfed exclusively through 6 months. Pdf factors that influence exclusive breastfeeding.
Your guide to breastfeeding office on womens health. The american academy of pediatrics reaffirms its recommendation of exclusive breastfeeding for about 6 months. However, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in ethiopia has been estimated at 52% which is far less. Conclusions exclusive breastfeeding up to 4 months of age followed by mixed breastfeeding might maximize the effects of infant development in their first year after birth. However, breast milk alone is not enough to meet your babys nutritional needs beyond 6 months of age. Determinants of continued breastfeeding beyond 12 months in. Infants in the intervention group were more likely to be breast fed than infants in the control group during their first 12 months and were more likely to be exclusively breast fed at 3 months 43% v 6. Exclusive breastfeeding was defined as feeding an infant on breast milk only from birth up to the age of six months. By 12 months, most children can eat the same types of foods as.
Maternal grandmother breastfeeding support and exclusive breastfeeding duration were associated with breastfeeding maintenance for 6 and 12 months. Relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and nutritional status of infants aged 12 months article pdf available december 2015 with 94 reads how we measure reads. Knowledge and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among. Again the use of formula at any age up to 12 months was strongly negatively associated with the odds of breastfeeding to 24 months, and women who had not returned to work by 12 months were significantly more likely to breastfeed to 24 months than those who had returned to work aor 2. Compared to rates for infants born in 2014, rates for infants born in 2015 increased for breastfeeding at 6 and 12 months.
It is intended to support a mothers choice to breastfeed and to help her establish and achieve her breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding is defined as feeding infants only breast milk, be it directly from breast or expressed, except drops or syrups consisting of vitamins, mineral supplements or medicine. High breastfeeding initiation rates show that most mothers. Exclusive breastfeeding, as part of the global ending preventable child and maternal deaths epcmd initiative, usaid will support work in 25 high priority countries that account for 70% of the worlds maternal and child deaths and half of the unmet need for family planning. Risk factors for exclusive breastfeeding lasting less than. Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers of infants aged 6 to 12 months in gwanda district, zimbabwe. Exclusive breastfeeding and associated factors among.