Exclusive breastfeeding ebfgiving infants only breastmilk and medications, oral rehydration salts and vitamins as needed with no additional food or drink for their first six months of life. Only one factor was associated with breastfeeding maintenance at all outcomes. High breastfeeding initiation rates show that most mothers. The percentage difference in rates for exclusive breastfeeding through six months between black and white infants increased from 7. The breastfeeding duration after 2 years depends entirely on the mother and the baby. It was 2001 when the world health organisation announced that exclusive breastfeeding for six months was best for babies. Mapping exclusive breastfeeding in africa between 2000 and. Breastfeeding protects against diarrhoea and common childhood illnesses such as pneumonia, and may also have longerterm health benefits for the mother and child, such as reducing the risk of overweight and obesity in childhood and.
The rates meet five of eight healthy people 2020 goals, falling short on any breastfeeding at 6 months, exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months and the proportion of breastfeeding infants receiving formula supplementation within the first 2 days of life. However, low breastfeeding rates among infants who are 6 and 12 months of age indicate that many mothers. Birth to 6 months the american academy of pediatrics. It is intended to support a mothers choice to breastfeed and to help her establish and achieve her breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding is one of the essential actions for infant development and survival. Importance of exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding among infants article pdf available august 2014 with 15,919 reads how we measure reads. Infants in the intervention group were more likely to be breast fed than infants in the control group during their first 12 months and were more likely to be exclusively breast fed at 3 months 43% v 6. Determinants of continued breastfeeding beyond 12 months in. Knowledge and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among.
Factors associated with the maintenance of breastfeeding. Given the documented short and longterm medical and neurodevelopmental advantages of breastfeeding, infant nutrition should be considered a public health issue and not only a lifestyle choice. Exclusive breast feeding practice and its determinants. Maternal grandmother breastfeeding support and exclusive breastfeeding duration were associated with breastfeeding maintenance for 6 and 12 months.
Breast milk contains all the nutrients an infant needs in the first six months of life. I am starting to try to wean my little boy from nursing. This study was aimed at assessing the knowledge and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers in the tamale metropolis of ghana. Exclusive breastfeeding, as part of the global ending preventable child and maternal deaths epcmd initiative, usaid will support work in 25 high priority countries that account for 70% of the worlds maternal and child deaths and half of the unmet need for family planning. However, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in ethiopia has been estimated at 52% which is far less. This improvement in initiation represents the largest annual increase over the previous decade. Breastfeeding is an important tool for preventing childhood illnesses, and obesity, and hypertension later on in life, and it reduces the cost of food for the family and the country. Breastfeeding report card idaho chapter of the american. Ors based on different breastfeeding durations none, 16, 612, and 12 months were 1. Prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding of infants did not.
In 2003 the then labour minister hazel blears adopted the recommendation. Background breastfeeding rates in sweden are declining, and it is important to identify women at risk for early cessation of exclusive breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding is when a baby receives only breast milk, without any additional food or drinks, including water, until 6 months of age. Your guide to breastfeeding office on womens health. Pdf determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers of. Again the use of formula at any age up to 12 months was strongly negatively associated with the odds of breastfeeding to 24 months, and women who had not returned to work by 12 months were significantly more likely to breastfeed to 24 months than those who had returned to work aor 2. The american academy of pediatrics reaffirms its recommendation of exclusive breastfeeding for about 6 months. By 12 months, most children can eat the same types of foods as. In a descriptive crosssectional study, 393 motherinfant pairs attending child.
Breastfeeding and human milk are the normative standards for infant feeding and nutrition. While breastfeeding beyond 6 months, a baby should receive foods with breast milk until the age of 2 or older. Appropriate practices that support exclusive breastfeeding in the first. Pdf relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and.
Breastfeeding is considered as the most ideal food for healthy growth and development of infants and exclusive breast feeding ebf for first 6 months of life ensures optimal growth, development and health of an infant. Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers of. Thereafter, to meet their evolving nutritional requirements, infants should receive nutritionally adequate and safe complementary foods, while continuing to breastfeed for up to two years or beyond. Objective the aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding lasting less than two months postpartum. The aap recommends exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. Exclusive breastfeeding is defined as feeding infants only breast milk, be it directly from breast or expressed, except drops or syrups consisting of vitamins, mineral supplements or medicine. This curriculum was developed for use in the prenatal setting. Exclusive breast feeding for 6 months duration of breast feeding initiation of complementary feeding feeding during illness counselor whose advices were followed by beneficiary yes 71 33.
Methods a populationbased longitudinal study was conducted at uppsala university hospital, sweden. The pediatricians role in encouraging exclusive breastfeeding. Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers of infants aged 6 to 12 months in gwanda district, zimbabwe. Conclusions exclusive breastfeeding up to 4 months of age followed by mixed breastfeeding might maximize the effects of infant development in their first year after birth. Exclusive breastfeeding has a high nutrient content to fulfill the nutritional needs of infants aged 0. Bfhi section 2 final 14may09 world health organization. The benefits of breastfeeding the californian journal of health. It is intended to support a mothers choice to breastfeed and to help her establish and achieve her breastfeeding goals.
American academy of pediatrics breastfeeding and the use. The american academy of pediatrics recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months, and that breastfeeding continue for at least 12 months and beyond. To assess the knowledge and practices of exclusive breastfeeding in mothers with infants between 9 and 12 months of age attending the immunization and the outpatient clinics in elsabbah hospital and to identify factors that affect exclusive breastfeeding. Relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and nutritional status of infants aged 12 months article pdf available december 2015 with 94 reads how we measure reads. The relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and. Percentage of infants breastfed exclusively through 6 months. Is a breastfeeding promotion intervention shown to. Exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age had no apparent impact on the outcomes at 6 and 12 months. India reported an increased risk of postneonatal mortality associated with exclusive breastfeeding 3 months,12 but reverse causality illness. Infants exclusively breastfed for 4 or more months have half the mean number of.
Breastfeeding fully for 6 months vs 4 months decreases. Prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding of infants did not reduce growth by 12 months of age kramer ms,guo t,platt rw,et al for the probit study group. Currently 16% of americans breastfeed their children for at least 12 months as recommended by the. Program lmplementation guide 7 breastfeeding rates at six and 12 months anstey et al. Breastfeeding has many health benefits for both the mother and infant. Ecological study of effect of breast feeding on infant mortality in latin america. Determinants of continued breastfeeding at 12 and 24. Exclusive breastfeeding and associated factors among. Breastfeeding and the use of human milk american academy. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding ebf for the first six months of life has remained low worldwide and in ghana, despite strong evidence in support of its practice. Breastfeeding, infant feeding, breast milk, disease prevention. Risk factors for exclusive breastfeeding lasting less than.